All about hiv aids pdf

Facts, statistics, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and. Learn more about the differences in symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. This trend is most apparent in subsaharan africa, where women represent 57 percent of adults living with hiv and 75 percent of hiv infected young people. When you first acquire hiv it may take a month or two before symptoms show and these may last a week or two. This virus weakens the immune system and makes it harder to do its job of protecting the body against bacteria, viruses, or other germs. In fact, many people with hiv live for years without developing aids. Recently, the global health sector strategy on hiv aids 201120154 has galvanized global and country action that has helped halt and reverse the aids epidemic. Without hiv treatment, your immune system can become weak and you can become sick with lifethreatening illnesses. Hiv, aids, history hiv is thought to have originated in nonhuman primates in subsaharan africa and was transferred to humans late in the 19th or early in the 20th century. This was probably as a result of chimps carrying the simian immunode. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted. Hiv is a virus, and aids is the condition the virus may cause. Though the cdc discovered all major routes of the diseases transmissionas well as that female partners of aidspositive men could be infectedin 1983, the. Aids happens when a person with hiv gets very sick.

Hiv causes disease because it attacks critical immune defense cells and over time overwhelms the immune system. People with aids have such badly damaged immune systems that they get an increasing number of severe illnesses, called opportunistic illnesses. Once a person has hiv, the earlier they are diagnosed, the sooner they can start treatment. Although all hiv viruses are similar, small variations or mutations in the genetic material of the virus create drugresistant viruses.

Fact sheets about hivaids treatment information, the prevention of mothertochild transmission, and hiv treatment side effects. Aids is the most advanced stage of hiv human immunodeficiency virus. By damaging your immune system, hiv interferes with your bodys ability to fight the organisms that cause disease. Learn all about hiv and aids, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, life expectancy, and more. Nov 29, 2018 aids is a condition that can arise from an advanced stage of infection with hiv. People with hiv can enjoy a long and healthy life by taking antiretroviral treatment which is effective and available to all. Hiv aids screening, whether direct hiv testing, indirect assessment of risk behaviours or asking questions about tests already taken, should not be required. But access to effective prevention and treatment varies widely. Joint united nations programme on hivaids unaids 2000. Aug 01, 2017 here we are giving you hiv aids ppt with pdf. Guide for the tourism sector international labour office.

Regional office for the eastern mediterranean, joint united nations programme on hivaids p. Hiv weakens your immune system, your bodys builtin defence against disease and illness. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection. During that period, hiv treatment coverage was expanded rapidly with well over 17 million people living with hiv on antiretroviral therapy by the end. The risk of passing on hiv to the babies increases if the mother is sick with an aids illness. Following initial infection a person may not notice any symptoms, or may experience a brief period of influenzalike illness. Heshe gets many different illnesses at the same time. Hiv basics hiv services ahf healthcare center near you. Hivaids pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of aids was clearly established. Hiv human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that most likely mutated decades ago from a virus that infected chimpanzees to one that infects humans. The first and biggest issue is the fact that all research has to be. Hiv crossed from chimps to humans in the 1920s in what is now the democratic republic of congo. Hivaids screening, whether direct hiv testing, indirect assessment of risk behaviours or asking questions about tests already taken, should not be required. The virus is transmitted in bodily fluids that include.

Aids acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a disease in which the bodys immune system breaks down and is unable to fight off. Without treatment, people with aids typically survive about 3 years. Shaw and eric hunter hiv 1 reverse transcription weishau hu and stephen h. Aids is caused by a virus called hiv human immunodeficiency virus. The virus ronald swanstrom and john coffin the tcell response to hiv bruce walker and andrew mcmichael hiv transmission george m. Between 1997 and 2001, the percentage of women living with hiv aids increased from 41 to 50 percent. Typically, this is followed by a prolonged period with no symptoms. Proportion of persons living with hiv who know their serostatus june 2012 pdf icon pdf 500 kb. The symptoms of hiv and aids vary, depending on the phase of infection. Hiv may be passed onto a baby from an hiv positive mother.

Aids and hiv infection example mollify page unaids. Aids is a disease which has the following elements. Even then these may easily be confused with another type of viral illness, such as the flu, or so mild as not to be noticed initially. Subsaharan africa overall hiv trends subsaharan africa continues to bear an inordinate share of the global hiv burden, though epidemics across countries in africa vary considerably. Among all women, black women account for the largest share of new hiv diagnoses 4,114, or 58% in 2018, and the rate of new diagnoses among black women 23. New cases of infection still occur at birth, during breastfeeding and in adolescence. Aids is the condition created by hiv in which the bodys immune system no longer functions. It may be able to refer you to a lawyer but cannot provide you with legal advice. Myths and facts about hivaids sahaya international.

Confidentiality regarding all medical information, including hivaids status, must be maintained. Larger variations in the viral genes are found in different viral subtypes. With more than thirty years of the hiv epidemic, there is still no cure or an effective vaccine, however, there have been major advances in treating hiv as the availability and rapid scale up of antiretroviral therapy art has transformed what was inevitably a fatal disease to a chronic, manageable condition leading to notable declines in the worldwide rates of aids. Aids is a condition that can arise from an advanced stage of infection with hiv. Envisioning an aidsfree generation where all children and their families are protected from hiv infection. Hiv is the name of a virus that attacks the bodys immune defense system h human. The risk of passing on hiv to the babies increases if the mother is sick with an aids illness or if the mother gets infected with hiv during pregnancy. You may not have any symptoms at all for up to 10 years. Jul 03, 2019 hiv is the virus that causes hiv infection. Hiv1 is transmitted through direct contact with hivinfected body fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal fluids, or from a mother who has hiv1 to her child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding through breast milk. Babies and children often develop the disease faster.

At that point, hiv begins to make it hard for your body to fight off infections, so. All blood products used in the united states and western europe today are tested for hiv. Expanding access to treatment is at the heart of a set of targets for 2020 which aim to bring the world on track to end the aids epidemic by 2030. Chapter 1 introduction to hivaids the first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. Oct 29, 2014 learn all about hiv and aids, including symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, life expectancy, and more. Hiv can only be transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids, and therefore the virus can be avoided. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication, and management strategies. Fact sheets about hivaids treatment information, the prevention of motherto child transmission, and hiv treatment side effects. This is the most serious stage of hiv infection, called aids.

The type of sex act all unprotected acts of sexual penetration anal, vaginal, oral carry a risk of hiv transmission because they bring body fluids secreted during sex directly into contact with exposed mucous membranes the lining of the rectum, the vagina, the urethra and the mouth. This is a tiny, infectioncausing particle that takes over other cells to grow and. Injection drug use idu was identified as a direct route of hiv. Many governments and research institutions participate in hivaids research.

The symptoms of hiv and aids vary, depending on the phase of. If you liked it then please share it or if you want to ask anything then please hit comment button. The stages of hiv infection understanding hivaids aidsinfo. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection surveillance. It was all about free ppt and pdf download for hiv aids. A person is said to have aids when their cd4 count a protein found on the surface of immune cells falls below 200 or the cd4 percentage falls below 14% or when they develop. Hiv is the human immunodeficiency virus that causes aids.

Hivaids research includes all medical research which attempts to prevent, treat, or cure hivaids, along with fundamental research about the nature of hiv as an infectious agent, and about aids as the disease caused by hiv. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with hiv, most commonly during unprotected sex sex without a condom or hiv medicine to prevent or treat hiv, or. Chapter 1 introduction to hiv aids the first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. Hiv is a virus that may become aids after youve been infected for several years and its weakened your immune system. Blood banks get rid of any donated blood that tests positive, so it never gets into the public supply. Once people have hivaids, they will have it for the rest of their lives. One of the two types of hiv, the virus that causes aids. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids is a chronic, potentially lifethreatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus hiv. Confidentiality regarding all medical information, including hiv aids status, must be maintained.

Mar 26, 2019 learn more about hivaids and their causes, symptoms, and treatments, as well as important risk prevention methods to stay healthy. There is no cure for hiv, but with proper care and treatment, most people with hiv can avoid getting aids and can stay healthy for a long time. Hiv is a virus spread through certain body fluids that attacks the bodys immune system. The who released its comprehensive report examining hiv and aids in all of its 25year history in 2010. There is no cure for hiv, but treatment with hiv medicines called antiretroviral therapy or art can slow or prevent hiv from advancing from one stage to the next. Not all hiv positive mothers give birth to babies that are hiv positive. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids aids is the most severe phase of hiv infection.

Adopting an approach to inclusive programming grounded in respect for the rights, aspirations and potential of all children can reduce risk. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus hiv, the virus that causes aids, had been isolated. To respond to this challenge, the churches must be transformed in the face of the hivaids crisis, in order that they may become a force for transformation bringing healing, hope, and accompaniment to all affected by hivaids. Hahn2 1institute of evolutionary biologyand centre for immunity, infection and evolution, university of edinburgh, edinburgh eh9 3jt, united kingdom 2departments of medicine, perelman school of medicine, university of pennsylvania, philadelphia, pennsylvania 19104 correspondence.

Medicine to treat hiv, known as antiretroviral therapy art, helps people at all stages of the disease if taken as prescribed. Research is an area that has many ethical issues in and of itself, and research on hiv has even more ethical issues. Regional office for the eastern mediterranean, joint united nations programme on hiv aids p. A member of a group of viruses called retroviruses, hiv infects human cells and uses the energy and nutrients provided by those cells to grow and reproduce. From the plan of action developed by churches, ecumenical and churchrelated. Hiv is spread through contact with the blood, semen, preseminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, or breast milk of a person with hiv. Surveillance of hiv risk behaviours world health organization.

Though the cdc discovered all major routes of the diseases transmissionas well as that female partners of aidspositive men could be infectedin 1983, the public considered aids a gay disease. Aids stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Family planning and hiv prevention integration pdf, 51kb hormonal contraceptionhiv technical update pdf, 735kb hormonal contraceptionhiv overview september 20 pdf, 201kb country ownership pdf, 1. In the united states, hiv is spread mainly by having anal or vaginal sex or sharing injection drug equipment. When a person becomes hiv infected, it takes usually about 5 to 10 years before symptoms of aids develop.

Most regions in russia have been affected, and the central asian countries are experiencing their first outbreaks. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome hivaids is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus hiv. The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. But access to effective prevention and treatment varies. An hiv infection doesnt necessarily progress to stage 3. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with hiv, most commonly during unprotected sex sex without a condom or hiv medicine to prevent or treat hiv, or through sharing injection drug equipment. It began to spread beyond the african continent in the late 1970s and is now endemic worldwide. Jun 17, 2019 hiv human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. Based on whos new recommendations to treat all people living with hiv, the number of people eligible for art has increased from 28 million to all 36. Jul 23, 2014 hiv rates are going down all over the world, with the exception of key affected populations, fabio mesquita, md, said during a news conference at the 20th international aids conference. Hiv human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other.

May 06, 2020 the virus structure has been studied extensively, and this ongoing research has helped scientists develop new treatments for hivaids. When a person is infected with hiv, the virus infects and can kill certain cells in the. Hiv rates are going down all over the world, with the exception of key affected populations, fabio mesquita, md, said during a news conference. People with hiv may have symptoms in the very beginning of their infection, like swollen glands, fever, headaches, or muscle soreness. All you need to do is just click on the download link and get it. Jun 25, 2019 the three stages of hiv infection are 1 acute hiv infection, 2 chronic hiv infection, and 3 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids. It is vital that the global health community makes a bold effort against hiv aids, guided by a commitment to equity in prevention and care.

In the global effort to end hiv and aids, children and adolescents continue to fall behind. There should be no obligation on the part of the employee to inform the employer. Learn more about hivaids and their causes, symptoms, and treatments, as well as important risk prevention methods to stay healthy. For all these reasons, hivaids serves as a report card on current global health. Hiv1 is responsible for the majority of hiv infections. If left untreated, hiv usually progresses to aids also known as stage 3 hiv in about 10 years, although some people never develop aids despite never having treatment. This session will focus on hiv transmission to allow for class discussion about how someone can contract hiv aids. Once a person has hiv, the earlier they are diagnosed, the sooner they can start treatment which means they will enjoy better health in the long term. As a result of these recommendations, the commonwealth secretariats health section commissioned the preparation of guidelines for implementing a multisectoral approach to hivaids in commonwealth countries. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication.